Strengths And Weaknesses Of Ids Information Technology Essay

Qualities And Weaknesses Of Ids Information Technology Essay In spite of the fact that IDS is a valuable expansion to guarantee security, it excels on certain focuses, yet there are still a few impediments with it. Table 5.1 rundowns some the qualities and shortcomings of IDS. Qualities Shortcomings Observing client practices and framework occasion logs. Discovery yet not anticipation. Testing the framework configrutions of hosts. Bogus positive discoveries. Setting up pattern for the security condition of a framework, and following any progressions to that gauge. Bogus negative location. Ensuring against known dangers. Caricaturing assaults. Perceiving examples of movement that are unusual. Can't consequently examining assaults without human intercession. Incorporated administration. Deferrals of mark update. Making aware of suitable heads with proper methods. Simpler to perform security observing capacities for non-security specialists. Table 5.1: Strengths and Weaknesses of IDS. Observing client practices and framework occasion logs One of the qualities of IDS is that it gives capacity to screen the framework occasion logs of each host, which make heads to know when any progressions on the hosts. They can likewise use this data gathered by IDS to examine client practices, along these lines arranging the security procedure and approaches for their associations in like manner. Testing the framework configrutions of hosts IDS are likewise ready to test the security states for each host, when the framework is designed less than impressive or a pattern, it alarms to heads which host is set beneath a security level. Along these lines, chairmen can make further setups for that have. Setting up standard for the security condition of a framework, and following any progressions to that gauge With IDS, overseers can set up their own desire as a security benchmark. In view of that gauge, IDS continues following the distinctions and changes on the hosts, permitting chairmen to have all hosts in a similar security level they anticipate. Securing against known dangers The Signature identification methods make IDS to ensure frameworks and systems well against known dangers. It guarantees perceiving examples of framework occasions that contrast with the known dangers. Perceiving examples of action that are unusual When another assault doesn't exist in known danger marks, IDS has Anomaly recognition strategies for it. This strategy is acceptable at looking at framework exercises or system traffic against a standard to indentify strange practices, perceiving new assaults that Signature recognition methods miss. Brought together administration IDS gives an incorporated administration to overseers simpler to change logging components, perform programming redesign, gathering alert data and refreshing security setting and so on. Numerous IDS items even have an exceptionally straightforward menu to have the setup of IDS set up, which causes chairmen a great deal to screens a various of systems and hosts. Making aware of fitting directors with proper methods Based on sweep and match standard, IDS consistently send cautions to suitable individuals by proper methods. Managers can conclude who ought to get the alarms and characterize distinctive actuates they need to be cautioned. These fitting significance of messages to suitable individuals can be progressively powerful and productive to an association. Simpler to perform security checking capacities for non-security specialists Many IDS items currently as of now give essential data security strategies, in addition to simple design, permitting non-security master to perform security observing capacities for their associations too. This is likewise a quality that makes IDS to a triumph. Actually, there are a few shortcomings have been proposed as appeared in Table 5.1. Recognition however not avoidance IDS focus on location strategy but rather not counteraction, it is an inactive action. It is once in a while past the point where it is possible to distinguish an interruption, particularly now a few assaults are shipping quick on the current fast systems, when IDS sends a caution to managers, the genuine circumstance might be more terrible. Bogus positive discoveries The identification abilities of IDS can be characterized in four measures: True positive, False positive, True negative and False negative. Figure 5.3 represents the distinctions of them. Genuine positive demonstrates that the genuine assaults are recognized by IDS effectively; True negative shows that IDS is distinguished accurately that are not assaults; False positive demonstrates that IDS is distinguished mistakenly as obvious assaults however that are not genuine assaults; False negative shows that IDS is distinguished erroneously as not assaults however that are assaults. Figure 5.3: Measures of IDS IDS frequently create an excessive number of bogus positives, because of the erroneous suppositions. One model is searching for the length of URLs. Regularly, a URL is just around 500 bytes length, expecting that an IDS is arranged to trigger an alarm for refusal of administration assault when the length of a URL is surpass 1000 bytes. Bogus positive could be happened from some mind boggling site pages that are normal to store an enormous substance now. The IDS isn't committing error, the calculation is simply not great. So as to lessen False positives, overseers need to tune the suppositions of how to identify assaults in an IDS, however which is tedious. Bogus negative recognitions False negatives are likewise a shortcoming of IDS, programmers presently can encode an assault document to be unsearchable by IDS. For instance, cgi-canister/attack.cgi is characterized as a mark in an IDS, however the record is encoded to be cg%39-b%39n/a%39tt%39 by the programmers. While cg%39-b%39n/a%39tt%39 isn't characterized in the mark documents, the assault will go with no notification, at that point a False negative happens. Ridiculing assaults Hackers can use mocking assaults to daze the executives. For instance, programmers can utilize one of the IP in a system to make numerous False positive discoveries, chairmen may then set the IDS to disregard nearby traffic for this IP, after then programmers start the genuine assaults. Can't naturally researching assaults without human mediation Even IDS can recognize a large portion of the assaults in the hosts and systems, however it despite everything need managers to explore and perform response. Programmers can use this shortcoming of IDS to play out an assault, for example, a programmer can make a huge of assaults to have A, since IDS can't examine all the assaults naturally without anyone else, directors needs to invest energy to explore each alert from have A. In this way, the programmer may have more opportunity to make a genuine assault to have B. Postponements of mark update IDS depend on its mark database to distinguish a known interruption, IDS items ordinarily refreshing the mark database by the IDS merchants. The potential issue is the postponement of mark update fix, IDS merchants frequently set aside a long effort to distinguish another assault and finish an update fix. Be that as it may, even IDS sellers give the most update signature when they can. It is as yet a timeframe that the IDS can't distinguish another assault before refreshing the mark database.

Enhancing Paracetamol with Silver Metal Ions

Upgrading Paracetamol with Silver Metal Ions 1-Introduction The paracetamol (Fig. 1) is one of the popular pain relieving drugs which is regularly named as N-acetyl-4-amino-phenol. Paracetamol has an antipyretic prescription with minimal toxicological symptom [1-7]. The fluorometry [8], iridescence [9], electrochemical [10], atomic attractive reverberation, mass spectroscopy [11] and fluid chromatography [12] are various investigations strategies used to assurance of paracetamol tranquilize in unadulterated and pharmaceutical styles. Paracetamol has a symptom as hepatotoxic in man and creatures in the event that it was taken with over portion [13-17]. In this in this examination paper, we planned to upgrade the proficiency of the medication within the sight of silver metal particles by development of new mind boggling. This complex was demonstrated utilizing spectroscopic and thermo gravimetric examinations. Fig. 1: Chemical structure paracetamol 2-Experimental 2-1-Materials Reagents (paracetamol and silver(I) nitrate) are in expository evaluation and utilized moving forward without any more decontamination. 2-2-Instrumentations The natural examination (%carbon, %hydrogen and %nitrogen) results were estimated utilizing CHN-2400 Perkin Elmer analyzer instrument. FT-IR spectra were examined on Bruker FT-IR spectrophotometer inside 4000-400 cm-1 locale. The UV-vis. spectra of reactants and silver(I) complex were checked utilizing Perkin-Elmer Lambda 4B spectrophotometer in dimethyl sulphoxide dissolvable. The thermo gravimetric examinations TG/DTG were completed in nitrogen climate utilizing Schimadzu TGA-50H warm analyzer. 2-3-Synthesis The 1 mmol of AgNO3 was broken down in 20 mL refined water and afterward blended to 20 mL of methanolic arrangement of paracetamol with 1 mmol proportion under attractive mixing. The pH of blend was killed at 7-8 utilizing weakened ammonium hydroxide arrangement. The blend was refluxed at 60 à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ °C and left to vanish gradually at room temperature. The hasten was separated off, washy with hot methanol and dried at 60 à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ °C. 2-3-Microbiological examination The natural movement of silver(I) complex was tried against microbes and growths with more than one test life form. The life forms utilized in the current examination including two microbes (B.subtilis Gram +ve), (E. coli Gram â€ve) and two organisms (Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flarus). The consequences of microbiological examinations of bacterial and parasites against orchestrated silver(I) complex were appraisals. 3-Results and Discussion 3-1-Elementl examinations The exploratory information of %carbon, %hydrogen and %nitrogen are coordinated with the determined qualities (Table 1). The essential investigations results are bolster that NO3à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ­ particles not recognized. The silver(I) complex is air stable with profoundly dissolving point > 300 oC. Table 1:Elemental investigations and physical consequences of Ag(I) complex [Ag2(para)] M.wt (g/mol) %C %H %N %M à ¯Ã¢ Ã¥' (à ¯Ã¢ 1. cm2.mol-1) Found Calcd. Found Calcd. Found Calcd. Found Calcd. 364.88 27.0 26.33 1.87 1.93 4.00 3.84 58.50 59.12 7.0 3-2-Molar conductivity The molar conductance estimation of the silver(I) complex of paracetamol tranquilize in DMSO dissolvable with centralization of 1.0010-3 M was seen as 7.00 à ¯Ã¢ Ã¥' (à ¯Ã¢ 1. cm2.mol-1) at 25 à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ °C. This information proposed that silver(I) complex is non-electrolytes. 3-3-Infrared spectra The infrared assignments information of paracetamol free medication and its silver(I) complex are organized in Table 2 and silver(I) complex is appeared in Fig. 2. In view of the correlation between the infrared spectra of free paracetamol medicate ligand and its silver(I) complex, it has been talked about that, the assimilation band at 3300 cm-1 and 3200 cm-1 of free paracetamol have been doled out to â€OH and â€NH extending vibration movements. These groups have been nonappearance in the spectra of the silver(I) complex because of the contribution in complexation. The solid to-medium assimilation groups at 1650 and 1260 cm-1 in the range of para tranquilize are appointed to the extending vibration groups of à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ®(C=O) and à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ®(C-O), individually. These groups are moved to bring down wavenumbers at 1627 and 1100 cm-1 because of partaking in coordination mode. The nearness of new ingestion band at 510 cm-1 in silver(I) complex is doled out to à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ®(Ag - O) extending vibration. Upon the infrared otherworldly assignments, the silver(I) particles facilitated to para medicate through two spot of coordination (deprotonated of â€OH) and (deprotonated of â€NH and oxygen of carbonyl gathering) as appeared in Fig. 3. Fig. 2: FT-IR range of Ag(I) complex. Table 2: Infrared frequencies inside 4000-400 cm-1 of para and its Ag(I) complex. Compound à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ®(OH) + à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ®(NH) à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ®(C=O) à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¤(CNH) amide gathering à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ®(C-O) phenyl gathering à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ®(M-O) para 3300, 3200 1650 1560 1260 [Ag2(para)] 1627 1550 1100 510 Fig. 3: Suggested structure of Ag(I) complex. 3-4-UV-vis. spectra The development of the Ag(I) complex was likewise affirmed by UV-vis. spectra in DMSO dissolvable inside the 200-600 nm run. It can see that free para has two ingestion groups at 300 and 390 nm due to à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ °-à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ °* intra-ligand change of the sweet-smelling ring and n-à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ °* electronic progress, individually. 3-5-Thermo gravimetric examinations The warming rate was controlled at 10à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ °C/min under nitrogen condition. The weight reduction was filtered from room temperature till 1000 à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ °C. The thermo gravimetric bend of silver(I) complex is appeared in Fig. 4. The warm decay of [Ag2(para)] complex show at two stage. These means are happening at 200-1000 à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ °C and comparing to the decay of para atom with a weight reduction of 11.4%. The last remaining item is silver metal debased with barely any carbon molecules. Fig. (3): TG/DTG bend of Ag(I) complex of paracetamol. 3-6-Microbiological examination Antibacterial and antifungal exercises of silver(I) paracetamol complex are evaluated against Escherichia coli (G â€ve), Bacillus subtilis (G +ve) and antifungal (Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus). The antimicrobial movement filtered dependent on the size of restraint zone. Ag(I) complex is found to has high action against microbes and parasites. The information recorded in Table 3 and is appeared in Fig. 4. Table 3: Antimicrobial information of para complex Fig. 4: Statistical information of natural exercises of DMSO control and silver(I) complex References M.A. Jan Mens, Best Pract. Res. Clin. Rheumat. 19 (2005) 609. E. Dic, A. Ozdemir, D. Baleanu, Talanta 65 (2005) 36. A.B. Moreira, H.B.M. Oliveira, T.D.Z. Atvars, LL.T. Dias, G.O. Neto, E.A.G. Zagatto, L.T. Kubota, Anal. Chim. Acta 539 (2005) 257. B.B. Ivanova, J. Maxim. Struct. 738 (2005) 233. C. Xu, B. Li, Spectrochim. Acta A 60 (2004) 1861. L.G. Binev, Vassileva-Boyadjieva, Y.I. Binev, J. Maxim. Struct. 447 (1998) 235. A.M. MacConnachie, Intensive Crit. Care Nuts. 13 (1997) 238. J.L. Vilchez, R. Blance, R. Avidad, A. Navalon, J. Pharm. Biomed. 13 (1995) 119. D. Easwaramoorthy, Y. Yu, H. Huang, Anal. Chim. Acta 439 (2001) 95. H. Tanka, P.K. Dasgupta, J. Huang, J. Butt-centric. Chem 72 (2000) 4713. J.P. Shockcor, S.E. Wait, I.D. Wilson, Anal. Chem. 68 (1996) 4431. S. Murray, A.R. Boobis, J. Chromatogr. 33 (1991) 355. A.K. Singh, R. Negi, Y. Katre, S.P. Singh Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical 302 (2009) 36. L.F. Prescott, Paracetamol over measurements. Pharmacological thought and clinical administration. Medications, 25 (1983) 290. P.J. Harvison, F.P. Guengerich, Chem. Res. Toxicol 1 (1988) 47. L. Chavkin, H. Merkle. Us Patent (1979). F.J. Strenbenz, L. Weintraub, G.L. Cohen UK Patent. Application GB 2103 87A, 1983.

Ventria Bioscience ( Case) Example

Ventria Bioscience ( Case) Example Ventria Bioscience ( Case) â€" Essay Example > IntroductionVentria Bioscience is a company that deals with research in biotechnology. The company has been in existence since 1993. According to Deeter (2005), it was mainly established for the purpose of carrying out research on the rice. This was mainly for the purpose of improving its breed as well as ensuring that the nutrition is improved world wide. The company also carried out research on crops as the company contributed growing. Initially, the company specialized in adding traits to the crops so as to make them resistant to attacks by insects and diseases. The research was mainly done by experienced personnel in the field as all the personnel were qualified in the sector. The company then commercialized its operations using the techniques and the technology at its disposal. This worked well for the company and continued to grow and expand over the years. The management team then developed a second wave of research which was aimed at using the plants for medical purposes. Most people experienced some health problems after consuming some food crop. The plan was mainly to achieve the goals through genetic modification of the seeds (Altman, 2012). The report therefore discusses the issues surrounding the problems faced by the company in the quest to plant the pharmaceutical rice. Problems facing Scott Deteer and VentriaScott who is the CEO of Ventria faces a problem of approval by the authority to plant the pharmaceutical rice. The authorities are reluctant to give the company a go ahead due to the fact that some of the stakeholders have raised concerns regarding the pharmaceutical rice (Deeter (2005). This is despite the fact that the planting season is nearing and the company had not win the approval of the authorities. Despite the company coming up with plans of how to deal with the concerns raised by the stakeholders. The company therefore stands to loose a lot in terms of financial benefits if it does not embark on the project. This may lead to l osses for the company which may en d up being financially crippled. This is considering that the company had invested heavily on the research. It is also evident that the company may loose support of the clients as the company is already in crisis. The crisis may also erode the good public image of the company and hence making it less relevant in the sector (Sasson, 2006). Despite the fact that the intentions of the company were good, the public may end up misinterpreting it and hence causing a lot of damage to the company in terms of reputation. This issue therefore presents a major problem to Scott and the company as a whole. The company also depends on the capital venture for the purpose of its growth, development and operations. With the project on hold, the company may face a difficult time a head. This is also a problem and a great challenge for Scott who has to figure out a way of moving the company forward. The future of the company is also uncertain if the project does no t kick off unless Scott devises other means of ensuring the company beats the current challenge.

Attribution Theory, By Fritz Heider Essay - 1714 Words

This paper acts in order to introduce and clarify Attribution Theory, in addition to demonstrating when it is purposeful and to what extent it is accurate. This will be accomplished through an explanation of the theory, which consists of its origins and key concepts. A communicative episode will be included to serve as an illustration, along with an analysis of the episode in order to explain the theory in motion. Lastly, its applications, assets, and liabilities are stated. Explanation of Theory In order to maximize the efficiency of processing new information, encounters, or experiences, what is seen is combined with past perceptions and notions to create an interpretation that acts as an explanation of what is not directly stated or known for one’s behavior.. Through this, appropriate action or conduct is formed or expressed. This process is known as Attribution Theory, primarily founded by Fritz Heider. The theory can be broken down into two important pieces, internal and external, each affecting the interpretation of one’s behavior. It is through these two paths in which individuals arrive to different conclusions despite the experience shared being the same. This is a The first of these distinctions is internal attribution, which â€Å"locates the cause of a particular behavior within the social actor† (Miller). Internal attributions are formed with interpretations or assumptions of one’s personality or traits. Since the formation of an inter nal attribution comes from aShow MoreRelatedFritz Heider : The Theory Of Attribution Theory1224 Words   |  5 Pagessecond component of social perception is attribution. Attribution is the process in which we attach meanings of other’s behaviors. Similarly, attribution theory refers to the study of models people implement in order to make judgments about the behavior of others. Fritz Heider, an Austrian psychologist whose work was related to the Gestalt school, published â€Å"The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations,† which expanded his creation of attribution theory. Heider initiated that â€Å"people are naà ¯ve psychologistsRead MoreAttribution Theory By Fritz Heider..according1600 Words   |  7 PagesAttribution Theory, attempts to explain causes of behavior. It attempts to explain the causes of people s behavior and attributing or explaining reasons as to why people behave the way they do Heider(1958). The theory was developed by Fritz Heider..According t o Heider (1958) a person can make two attributions; internal attribution, the inference that a person is behaving in a certain way because of something about the person, such as attitude, character or personality and external attribution,Read MoreThe Leading Body For Attribution Theory1502 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay will discuss the work of Fritz Heider (1958), the leading body for attribution theory and Harold Kelley (1972) and Bernard Weiner (1986), who along with many other psychologists have since attempted to further explain why and how we make attributions. Research to support and contradict their findings will also be covered throughout the text. The term attribution refers to how we as human beings attach meaning to our own, and other people s behaviour. It has been suggested by Fiske andRead MoreExplaining Human Behavior with the Attribution Theory in Fritz Heiders Book The Psychology of Interpersonal Relationships883 Words   |  4 Pagesspeak about the Attribution theory. Fritz Heider (1958), in his book The psychology of interpersonal relations, explained that through perception we know the world around us, a world made up of things and people and different events. Researching people’s naà ¯ve, intuitive understanding of interpersonal events. He explained that these common sense inferences sometimes are biased, but nonetheless mediate interpersonal relations. He presented also in his book the idea of attribution, which influencedRead MoreAttribution Theory: Examining External and Internal Attribution635 Words   |  3 PagesThe attribution theory is the theory on how people explain things. One of the best things about being human is being able to explain anything. A synonym of attribution is exclamation. We as humans have a strong need to understand things. If you can influence people and explain what is happening, you may be able to change them. Attribution Theory Attribution theory correlates with how people exemplify events and how it affects their behavior and thinking. People making casual explanations isRead MoreAn Evaluation of the View That; People Act as ‘Lay Scientists’ in Interpreting Their Social World, Perceiving and Analysing Information in an Objective, Rational Manner.1609 Words   |  7 Pagessocial interactions, they make inferences and assumptions about people’s behaviour and events that they encounter. This concept falls under the ‘attribution theory’ umbrella, which means; assigning cause to our own or other peoples behaviour. Fritz Heider (cited in Buchanan et al, 2007) was the first to propose a psychological theory of attribution. Heider discussed what he called â€Å"naà ¯ve† or â€Å"commonsense† psychology. In his view, people were like amateur scientists, trying to understand other people’sRead MorePerception Is The Organization, Identification And Interpretatio n Of Sensory Information1209 Words   |  5 Pagesconsidered a reliable tool to accompany the critical thinking process. The attribution theory says that when we observe behaviour we try to determine if it is internally or externally driven. If it is internally driven it is under the person’s control whereas external causes are not under the individual’s control. While people strive to find reason for behaviour, they fall into many traps of biases and errors. As Fritz Heider say, ‘our perception of causality are often distorted by our need and certainRead MoreResearch Report On Environmental Consequences1536 Words   |  7 Pagesa counteracting argument to this existing research and historiography, Fritz Heider, over a period of time, developed his Attribution Theory through the undertaking of social psychological research. The research of Heider attributed the behaviour of individuals to their disposition as human beings – effectively arguing that decisions taken were due to underlying lasting behaviours existing within a person. The work of Heider has significantly affecte d the process which has been undertaken by psychologistsRead MoreHow Does Attribution Affect A Person s Behaviour?1728 Words   |  7 Pages This study’s aim is to interview participants to determine if context or the situation will alter a person’s attributions towards a person’s behaviour. Five participants were tested on three behaviours occurring in six different environments. We predicted that they would look at the situation/environment initially before looking internally at the actor to determine whether their behaviour or normal or abnormal. It is proven that situations are more important than the behaviour when judging someone’sRead MoreEssay on The Departed† and Its Theories1694 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Departed† and its theories The movies describes a major theme of â€Å"The Departed† as one of the oldest in drama—the concept of identity—and how it affects ones actions, emotions, self-assurance, and even dreams.† Many years later, an older Sullivan, now in his mid twenties, (Matt Damon) is finishing his training for the Massachusetts State Police with classmates, including fellow cadet Barrigan (James Badge Dale). In another class are Cadet Brown (Anthony Anderson) and Billy Costigan (Leonardo

Beyonce s Formation Anti Cop Or Pro Black - 965 Words

Beyoncà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s â€Å"Formation†: Anti-Cop or Pro-Black? Speaking out against controversial issues, musically, is usually followed by harsh criticism, because it pushes the boundaries of artistic expression. In Beyoncà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s song â€Å"Formation†, she opposes police brutality and racism, however many misconstrue her lyrics as being antipolice and ethnocentric. This may be Beyoncà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s most controversial song yet. At the surface, Beyoncà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s new video might seem like an attack on police, due to the sinking of the police car and seemingly anti-police imagery. I believe, however, that in her video she is instead advocating black pride while sending a self-empowering message. Following a surprise release on Saturday February 6th 2016, Beyoncà © shocked the world with her edgy and powerful music video made available for free download on Tidal. (Natalie, 2016) She then performed her new song during her guest performance at the Super Bowl Halftime Show. The video contained many elements such as the #blacklivesmatter movement, Martin Luther King reference, Katrina devastation of New Orleans, black empowerment, police brutality, unity, and the empowerment of women. I find it funny that people are attempting to make this righteous and powerful message into something negative. She is not attacking anyone. She is bringing attention to black lives in her message. In her video there are plenty of deep south references and images. There is a great deal of water flooding similar to a Lousisiana town or city.

Space design considerations for an architecture school Free Essays

And teaching staff in newly approved Institution / Program. Then it gives detailed time schedule for processing of applications . Page- 72 : It provides further information about Unapproved Institutions, detailed points to be carried out Action in case of violation of Regulations. We will write a custom essay sample on Space design considerations for an architecture school or any similar topic only for you Order Now It provides objectives , eligibility , processing fee and procedure for approval, conditions for approval regarding Collaboration Twining Program between Indian and Foreign Universities or Institutions in the field of Technical Education, Research and Training . Peg 73- 81 : It gives information about the program , duration and eligibility for students o be considered while giving admission to under graduate degree program, Post Graduate Degree and Post Graduate Diploma Programs (Full Time), Diploma Program, Post Diploma Programs . Page- 107 : It lists the approved Nomenclature of Courses of 400 courses taught under CACTI. It gives information in tabular form regarding the Norms for Intake Peggy-111 . Number of Courses / Divisions in the Technical Institutions of under graduate level, Post Graduate Degree and Post Graduate Diploma Level, Private Limited or Public Limited Company/laundry Establishing Diploma or UnderGraduate or Post Graduate Institute. Peg 12- : it describes the Norms for Land requirement and Building Space for Technical Institution , like the land requirement in acres in Other than Rural places(Competent Authority to certify that the place is not located in a rural area) and Rural Places as defined by Competent Authority. It gives detailed requirements of built-up area divided in 1 . Instructional area (NINA, carpet area in sq. M. ), Administrative area (DAD, carpet area in sq. M. ), Amenities area (AMA, carpet area in sq. 2. Circulation area (CIA) is equal to 0. 250 (NINA+DAD+AMA). M. ). , 3. Total built up area in sq. M. Is equal to (NINA+DAD+AMA) How to cite Space design considerations for an architecture school, Papers

Pain Theories Essays - Pain, Acute Pain, Nociception,

Pain Theories Pain has been experienced by everyone regardless of age, gender or economic status. Pain is usually described as unfavorable experience that has a lasting emotional and disabling influence on the individual. Theories that explain and assist in understanding what pain is, how it originates and why we feel it are the Specificity theory, Pattern Theory and Gate theory. In this paper I will attempt to demonstrate my understanding of the theories and also will be critically analyzing the theories about the experience of pain by incorporating relevant concepts from literature and relating it to psychology. Pain has been described with a wide range of different words. McCaffery (cited in Adams and Bromley, p192, 1998 ) simply states that the experience of pain as being "what the experiencing person says it is, existing when he says it does". This definition by McCaffery strongly indicates that pain is conceived and experienced differently in an individualized manner .McCafferys's definition of pain suggests experiences of pain depends only on the person experiencing the pain and that no other person is fully capable to understand how he/she may be feeling as the result of pain. McCaffery does not actually state in his definition what pain is and what causes the discomfort, how and why pain arises(Adams and Bromley,1998). Bond (1984) describes pain as being a personal and unique experience which arises in the brain due to injury to the body tissue, disease or due to biochemical changes in our bodies. There are two main types of pain, acute and chronic. Acute pain is experienced for a short time and usually has a specific cause and purpose such as injury to body tissue (Adams and Bromley, 1998). Acute pain can be treated using drugs such as aspirin or other method of pain relieve. Chronic pain has no time limit therefore, can last for months and years, and serves no obvious biological purpose. Chronic pain can have a significant impact on the quality of person's life as chronic pain can trigger psychological as well as physical and emotional problems that leads to feelings of helplessness and hopelessness as most chronic pain can not be cured (Goleman and Gurin ,1993). Pain theories that I will discussing in this paper are specificity , pattern and gate control theory as these are the major theories that assist in explaining the concepts of pain . The modern perspective sees the concept of pain from a view that includes psychological factors but the earlier theories such as Specificity theory and Pattern theory were more focused on tissue damage as the cause of pain. The Specificity theory was originated in Greece .This theory was highlighted by Descartes in 1664 who expressed that the pain system as being like a "bell - ringing mechanism in a church"(Melzack and Wall , p196,1984) .Descartes (cited in Melzack and Wall ,1984) explained that when someone pulls the rope to ring the bell, the bell rings in the tower. Hence, specificity theory suggests that pain is caused by injury or damage to body tissue. The damaged nerve fibres in our bodies sends direct messages through the specific pain receptors and fibres to the pain center, the brain which causes the individual to feel pain (Adams and Bromley ,1998). This theory suggest that there is a strong link between pain and injury and that the severity of injury determines the amount of pain experienced by the person (Brannon and Feist , 2000). The Pattern theory was incorporated into the specificity theory which added more concepts to explain and extended its hypothesis of pain .The pattern theory states that nerve fibres that carry pain signals can also transmit messages of cold, warmth and pressure can also transfer pain if an injury or damage to body tissue occurs (Adams and Bromley,1998).The Pattern theory claims that pain is felt as a consequence to the amount of tissue damaged (McCance and Huether, 1990). Both Pattern theory and Specificity Theory are part of Linear model of pain which simply demonstrates that noxious stimulus such as tissue damage or injury results in the nerve tissues being stimulated which causes painful sensation which causes a response or painful behavior (Adams and Bromley, 1998). The Specificity theory and Pattern theory are not sufficient in explaining the experience of pain as the theorists fail to include any psychological aspects of pain. Adams and Bromley ,(1998) felt that the specificity theory does not see the individual difference in how pain is perceived by people. Brannon and Feist (2000) also emphasize that this particular theory declines to incorporate how

Law of Definite Proportions Definition

Law of Definite Proportions Definition The law of definite proportions, together with the law of multiple proportions, forms the basis for the  study of stoichiometry  in chemistry. The law of definite proportions is also known as Prousts law or the law of constant composition. Law of Definite Proportions Definition The law of definite proportions states samples of a compound will always contain the same proportion of elements by mass. The mass ratio of elements is fixed no matter where the elements came from, how the compound is prepared or any other factor. Essentially, the law is based on the fact that an atom of a particular element is the same as any other atom of that element. So, an atom of oxygen is the same, whether it comes from silica or oxygen in air. The Law of Constant Composition is an equivalent law, which states each sample of a compound has the same composition of elements by mass. Law of Definition Proportions Example The law of definite proportions says water will always contain 1/9 hydrogen and 8/9 oxygen by mass. The sodium and chlorine in table salt combine according to the rule in NaCl. The atomic weight of sodium is about 23 and that of chlorine is about 35, so from the law one may conclude dissociating 58 grams of NaCl would produce about 23 g of sodium and 35 g of chlorine. History of the Law of Definite Proportions Although the law of definite proportions may seem obvious to a modern chemist, the manner in which elements combine was not obvious in the early days of chemistry through the end of the 18th century. French chemist Joseph Proust (1754–1826) is credited with the discovery, but English chemist and theologian Joseph Priestly (1783–1804) and French chemist Antoine Lavoisier (1771–1794) were the first to publish the law as a scientific proposal in 1794, based on the study of combustion. They noted metals always combine with two proportions of oxygen. As we know today, oxygen in the air is a gas consisting of two atoms, O2. The law was hotly disputed when it was proposed. French chemist Claude Louis Berthollet (1748–1822) was an opponent, arguing elements could combine in any proportion to form compounds. It wasnt until English chemist John Dalton (1766–1844)s atomic theory explained the nature of atoms that the law of definite proportions became accepted. Exceptions to the Law of Definite Proportions Although the law of definite proportions is useful in chemistry, there are exceptions to the rule. Some compounds are non-stoichiometric in nature, meaning their elemental composition varies from one sample to another. For example, wustite is a type of iron oxide with an elemental composition varying between 0.83 and 0.95 iron atoms for each oxygen atom (23%–25% oxygen by mass). The ideal formula for iron oxide is FeO, but the crystal structure is such that there are variations. The formula for wustite is written Fe0.95O. Also, the isotopic composition of an element sample varies according to its source. This means the mass of a pure stoichiometric compound will be slightly different depending on its origin. Polymers also vary in element composition by mass, although they are not considered true chemical compounds in the strictest chemical sense.

Leonard Susskind - Theoretical Physicist

Leonard Susskind - Theoretical Physicist In 1962, Leonard Susskind earned a B.A. in physics from City College of New York after transitioning from his plan to get a degree in engineering. He earned his Ph.D. in 1965 from Cornell University. Dr. Susskind worked at Yeshiva University as an Associate Professor from 1966 to 1979, with a year at University of Tel Aviv from 1971 to 1972, before becoming a Professor of Physics at Stanford University in 1979, where he remains to this today. He was awarded the Felix Bloch Professorship of Physics since the year 2000. String Theory Insights Probably one of Dr. Susskinds most profound accomplishments is that hes credited as one of the three physicists who independently realized, back in the 1970s, that a certain mathematical formulation of particle physics interactions seemed to represent oscillating springs ... in other words, hes considered one of the fathers of string theory. He has done extensive work within string theory, including the development of a matrix-based model. Hes also responsible for one of the more recent discoveries in the exploration of theoretical physics, the holographic principle, which many, including Susskind himself, believe will provide great insights into how string theory applies to our universe. In addition, in 2003 Susskind coined the term string theory landscape to describe the set of all physically possible universes that could have come into being under our understanding of the laws of physics. (At present, this could contain as many as 10500 possible parallel universes.) Susskind is a strong proponent of applying reasoning based upon the anthropic principle as a valid means to evaluate which physical parameters its possible for our universe to have. Black Hole Information Problem One of the most troubling aspects of black holes is that when something falls into one, it is lost to the universe forever. In the terms that physicists use, information is lost ... and that isnt supposed to happen. When Stephen Hawking developed his theory that black holes actually radiated an energy known as Hawking radiation, he believed that this radiation would be insufficient to actually resolve the problem. The energy radiating out from the black hole under his theory would not contain enough information to fully describe all of the matter that fell into the black hole, in other words. Leonard Susskind disagreed with this analysis, believing quite strongly that the conservation of information was so important to the underlying foundations of quantum physics that it could not be violated by black holes. Ultimately, the work in black hole entropy and Susskinds own theoretical work in developing the holographic principle have helped to convince most physicists - including Hawking himself - that a black hole would, over the course of its lifetime, emit radiation that contained the full information about everything that ever fell into it. Thus most physicists now believe that no information is lost in black holes. Popularizing Theoretical Physics Over the last few years, Dr. Susskind has become more well-known among lay audiences as a popularizer of advanced theoretical physics topics. He has written the following popular books on theoretical physics: The Cosmic Landscape: String Theory and the Illusion of Intelligent Design (2005) - This book presents Susskinds view of how string theory predicts a vast string theory landscape and how the anthropic principle can be applied to evaluate the various physical properties of our universe against all of the assorted possibilities. This is described above in the string theory section.The Black Hole War: My Battle with Stephen Hawking to Make the World Safe for Quantum Mechanics (2008) - In this book, Susskind describes the black hole information problem (described above), framed as an intriguing narrative about a disagreement within the theoretical physics community ... one which has taken decades to resolve.The Theoretical Minimum: What You Need to Know to Start Doing Physics with George Hrabovsky (2013) - A math-based introduction to the fundamental concepts within classical mechanics, such as conservation of energy and symmetries in physical laws, which is intended to lay the groundwor k for what someone would need to know to proceed to the next level in physics. This is based on lectures that are available online, as described below. In addition to his books, Dr. Susskind has presented a series of lectures that are available online through both iTunes and YouTube ... and which provide the basis of The Theoretical Minimum. Here is a list of the lectures, in roughly the order that I would recommend viewing them, along with links to where you can view the videos for free: Classical Mechanics (YouTube) - A 10-lecture series focusing on the fundamentals of classical mechanicsThe Theoretical Minimum: Quantum Mechanics (YouTube) - A 10-lecture series that tries to understand what physicists know about quantum mechanicsSpecial Relativity (YouTube) - A 10-lecture series explaining Einsteins theory of special relativityGeneral Relativity (YouTube) - A 10-lecture series that lays out the modern theory of gravity: general relativityParticle Physics: Standard Model (YouTube) - A 9-lecture series focusing on the Standard Model of particle physicsCosmology (YouTube) - A 3-lecture series focusing on what we know and understand about the history and structure of our universeString Theory and M-Theory (YouTube) - A 10-lecture series focusing on the fundamentals of string theory and M-TheoryTopics in String Theory (YouTube) - A 9-lecture series focusing on the fundamentals of string theory and M-Theory As you may have noticed, some of the themes repeat between lecture series, such as the two different lecture sets on string theory, so you shouldnt need to watch them all if there are redundancies ... unless you really want to.

Creating a dream job Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Creating a dream job - Essay Example As the owner manager, I have the following Job description. Meeting the guests’ needs and ensuring their meals are served on time. Responding to inquiries and solving problems relating to guests’ stay in Ngalla's bed and breakfast. Responsible for supervising administrative tasks with respect to the bed and breakfast’s operations. Responsible for the management of staff and ensuring they maintain policies that guide the operation of the private home. In charge of recruitment of staff, discipline and performance management. Directing marketing activities of the business by implementing effective marketing strategies. Supervision of management tasks relating to the operation of the business. Custodian of the bed and breakfast’s facilities, by ensuring that facilities are well maintained. Overseeing the availability of equipments and supplies throughout the day and night. Preparing budgets and setting targets for employees. Ensuring current good practices are sustained. Overseeing the implementation of the best practices to achieve guest satisfaction. Compensation and benefits package Ngalla's bed and breakfast compensation packages are based on experience and qualifications. The compensation is competitive in the market. The compensation program is based on employees working a minimum of 29 hours per week and a maximum of 40 hours per week. The compensation package includes the following perks. ... Delightful benefit which is a cash reward for delighting guests. Employees great rate which is a preferred rate per night at any of the hotels Ngalla's bed and breakfast owns. These rates include immediate family and are reduced for the extended family. Holiday club which is a voluntary program that employees can participate in deducting a certain amount from the paycheck. Make the grade benefit. A reward program that pays any of the employee’s dependants who scores straight A’s in the school’s report card. Rationale for the compensation package. The above compensation package is fit for Ngalla's bed and breakfast employees because the employees have achieved significant objectives in the past year. A firm’s employees are supposed to be provided with attractive packages as a strategy to retain the best performing employees (Tropman, 2002). Ngalla's bed and breakfast’s employees are warranted to have attractive compensation packages if they meet the bed and break fast’s objectives in terms of saving costs or adding to the company’s profits. The other area that warrants for the compensation package are efforts employees have put in place to increase turnover, efficiency, saving time and cost reduction measures. For the past one year, Ngalla's bed and breakfast managers have worked hard to ensure that employees are trained. In addition employees efforts have saved time and costs. Employees have done this to increase the bed and breakfast’s margins to cater for the remuneration. The compensation package is justified by the additional duties that employees have embraced to ensure to improve the bed and breakfast’ profits.

Communication Process in the workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Communication Process in the workplace - Essay Example In order to effectively deal with the managerial challenges that face their firms, managers emulates effective communication that is also essential in creation of a strong culture for example in aspects dealing with ethics (Laurie, 1989). AC 1.2 The communication cycle starts from the sender. This is the person who provides the first message that is coded in nature. For the sender to effectively send his or her message, he or she must select an appropriate medium or channel of communication. Through the medium, the message is directed to the receiver who then decodes the message in order to understand it. The receiver then sends a feedback to the sender, an indication that the receiver has understood the message. The communication cycle starts once more. AC 1.3 In their efforts to enhance communication in the work place, managers are faced with various barriers that affect their communication process. One of the major barriers to communication is omission of information by the sender . In case the sender omits a certain point during the communication it may affect all stages in the communication cycle making it difficult for the receiver to understand it. The second barrier is communication overload. ... AC 1.4 Thus, there is need to adopt various strategies to overcome the potential barriers to communication. For example, to overcome the barrier incurred due to use of contradicting signs, sender must use direct simple language that easily decoded by the receiver. Additionally, senders must emulate the culture of use of face-to-face communication that is known to be direct and easily understandable by the receivers (Laurie, 1989). Similarly, senders must reinforce their words with actions especially when communicating to large audience. Section 2: Understanding the methods of communication AC 2.1 One of the major methods of written communication is email. This entails use of internet sites such as Gmail and yahoo to send messages to the receivers. For effective communication through email, the sender and the receiver must have email addresses. Similarly, they should have an access to a computer with an internet connection. Emails are used to inform the applicants for example on the r esults of the interview. It can also be used by departmental managers to inform the employees on the date and venue of a meeting. Another example of a written communication is magazines. This entails writing a message on a booklet with the intention of informing the public or the consumers about the brands available in the market as well their prices and distribution centres. A good example of a method of oral communication is face to face. In a workplace, oral communication is used during the interviewing of new employees as well as during the training of the existing workers. AC 2.2 One of the main advantages of written methods of

Lake Conservation And Urban Water Management Environmental Sciences Essay

Lake Conservation And Urban Water Management Environmental Sciences Essay Water is one of the most important substances on the earth. Water generates the hydrosphere, circulates in the atmosphere, and infiltrates deep into the ground and moves through the lithosphere and sustains the biosphere. Fresh water source like lake is a renewable resource following the hydrological cycle, it is not evenly distributed on the earths surface. Lakes are large water bodies, which have an important impact on human emotions such as security, happiness and creative aspects of behavior. These are not mere decorative bodies but are biological and psychological necessities. Environmentally lakes are one of the important ecosystems. They play a significant role in recharge and maintenance of ground water table. They have a great recreational potential in the form of water sports, boating etc. in todays fast and stressful life style. In case of emergency, they can serve as source of water for fire fighting etc. They can also be used for Aquaculture as a source of income. They a dd to the beauty of the city promoting tourism. The lakes and reservoirs, all over the country are facing degradation. The degradation is due to encroachments and eutrophication (from domestic and industrial effluents) and silt accumulation. There has been a considerable increase in urban population especially after industrial revolution. The human settlements have taken place in and around the ponds and lakes to mitigate their demands, resulting in contaminating the water sources. The need of Conservation and Management of Lakes is therefore rightly understood by the world community and the issues relating Conservation of lakes are on the anvil. In Lentic or lake ecosystems, the aging process is just the reverse of lotic or river systems. Where as streams tend to get wider and deeper as they age, lakes tend to get shallower and the banks extend into what was originally open water. Natural filling is generally due to wind blown materials (soil, leaves, etc.) entering the system, sediment input by terrestrial run off, aquatic plant and animal debris and eutrophication. Eutrophic lakes When the balance is upset between photosynthesis and decomposition due to enrichment of water by inorganic plant nutrients, either too much organic material accumulates without getting decomposed adequately or too many bacteria are present and an overabundance of decomposition occurs, the lake is classed as Eutrophic. They are considered to be middle aged systems. They are relatively shallow in comparison to Oligotrophic lakes. They have a silty or mud bottom and have sufficient nutrients to support a large population of animals. The accelerated or cultural eutrophication of several waterbodies is caused by human activity. Large quantities of mineral nutrients and organic matter are added to the waterbodies in the form of sewage effluents, organic wastes, agricultural run-offs, excreta and The Process of Eutrophication fertilizers sewage (liquid domestic Industrial waste) minerals esp. nitrates minerals esp. nitrates eutrophication algal bloom competition for light consumers canà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢t consume fast enough dead plants dead algae detritus more decomposers use up oxygen by aerobic respiration (increased BOD) aerobes die invertebrates, fish etc. anaerobic bacteria thrive, release NH4,CH4,H2S exudates of animals and humans etc. These provide plenty of phosphates, nitrates (mostly of fertilizers applied to agricultural lands, domestic sewage etc.) which lead to exuberant growth of algae and other water plants. A rich microbial and animal population also develops. The process of natural Eutrophication which is generally very slow , thus gets accelerated. Silt and organic debris accumulates at the bottom and the system turns into a shallow muddy pond, then to a marsh and finally into a dry land. Thus a waterbody which could have been useful as a reservoir of fresh water and could have helped the growth of fish etc. for hundreds of years becomes totally useless within a span of few years only. Sources of Lake Pollution: The sources of Pollution can be classified as fixed point sources and Non-point Sources EFFECTS OF EUTROPICATION Undesirable effects of Eutrophication Algal blooms: The decaying algae, fish, planktons and other organisms cause foul smell. On depletion of oxygen level and on exhausting nitrate oxygen, sulphates are reduced as a last resort to yield hydrogen sulphide which results in bad smell and putrefied taste of water. The lakes become aesthetically unpleasant. Plant growth and silt hinder recreation activities. Rate of sedimentation increases, which shortens the life span of lakes. Mosquito nuisance increases causing health hazards to nearby residents. Steps to Control Eutrophication Preventive Measures Effective waster water treatment and removal of nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorous before discharging the sewerage into waterbodies. Controlling the recycling of nutrients through harvest. Effective disposal of organic matter as sludge. Developing phosphate-free detergents for domestic use. Adopting effective Physico-chemical methods for removal of dissolved nutrients such as nitrogen phosphorous compounds. Overcoming the temptation of over-fertilization. Remedial Measures for Eutrophication: Controlling eutrophication by applying algaecides such as copper Sulphate, chlorine etc. on susceptible surface waterbodies. Removal of the algal bloom by dredging mechanical means.. Underwater weed cutters mounted on boats can be used to remove rooted aquatic plants. Dredges can be used to remove sediments to prevent recycling of nutrients and also for deepening of the lake. Sealing of Lake Bottom with polythene sheeting to prevent release of nutrients from sediments. Providing aeration artificially to increase the DO levels in the lake water. Diluting and or flushing the lake with water from Oligotrophic source. Using Bio remediation techniques. Arresting of nutrients: Biological removal using the ability of some microorganism to take up phosphorous in excess of their immediate nutritional requirements and store it within the cells in the form of polyphosphates. The sludge thus formed can be removed from the system. Water Quality Network Central Pollution Control Board started national water quality monitoring in 1978 under Global Environmental Monitoring System (GEMS), Water Programme. Monitoring, Programme was started with 24 surface water and 11 groundwater stations. Parallel to. GEMS, a National Programme of Monitoring of Indian National Aquatic Resources (MINARS), was started in 1984, with a total of 113 stations spread over 10 river basins. The present network comprises of 870 stations on rivers, lentic water bodies and subsurface waters are elaborated. The number of locations on mainstream of the major river and their tributaries, medium and minor rivers, lakes, ponds, tanks and other water bodies is given in parenthesis. It is estimated that there is about 45,000 riverine length in India out of which about 6500 km length is having BOD higher than 6 mg/1 and can be branded as polluted, another 8500 km length is moderately polluted having BOD in the range of 3 to 6 Mg/l, and remaining about 30,000 km is relativ ely clean having BOD of 3 or Management of lake Trophic State Index in Conservation of Lake Ecosystems. When faced with challenges of trying to describe and organize what is known about the many varied diverse waterbodies, scientists have developed the Trophic State Index (TSI) Classification. This requires minimum data and is generally easy to understand. In the Index total chlorophyll indicates algal biomass and biological productivity: and water clarity is determined by Secchi disc, which indicates the level to which light can penetrate; and algae can photosynthesize. TSI is the best and easy method. The range of the index between 40-50 is usually associated with mesotrophy (moderate productivity); values greater than 50 are associated with eutrophy (high productivity), values less than 40 are associated with oligotrophy (low productivity). Thus, the Trophic State Index (TSI) can serve an important tool in conservation of Lakes. Assessing the Hydrologic Characteristics of Lake Catchment Using GIS Land use change is a dynamic process and if anthropogenic it has most often adverse effects on ecological hydrological processes. For better understanding the impacts of changing physical characteristics on the hydrologic process, geospatial tools like remote sensing and GIS have been found useful. World Lake Vision The key to sustainable use of our lakes and wetlands lies in finding a balance between the water needs of human beings and the ability of nature to meet same over the long term. The WLV has articulated the basic action plan for sustainable use of lake and wet land resources in the form of seven basic principles. Seven Principles for the sustainable lake management are related with:- Harmony between Nature Man. Drainage Basin. Preventive approach to problem solving. Policy based on sound Science. Conflict Resolution. Stake holderà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s involvement. Good governance. If future water security is to be achieved, there is an urgent need to initiate steps for protection, conservation and sustainable use of precious water resources in general and lakes in particular. Powai Lake A Case Study The Powai Lake of Mumbai Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) is located about 27 Km. away in the North East of Mumbai City. It is an artificial reservoir formed by constructing a masonry dam between two hillocks across the Powai basin in the year 1891. The watershed area of the Powai Lake is 661 hectors. The top level of dam is 58.5 Mtrs. THD (Town Hall Datum), length is about 110 mtrs. and height is varying from 3mtrs.(Min.) to 6.00 Mtrs(Max.).The lake deteriorated due to accelerated growth of residential and commercial premises around the lake and quarrying activities in the catchments area. Also there was no proper control on surrounding. Thus, there was an urgent need to evolve the strategy to improve and maintain the Powai lake surroundings. In the year 1995, under the national Lake Conservation Plan of the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) Government of India, the Powai Lake of MCGM was reviewed and identified for revival and improvements. The Powai Lake of Mumbai which was deteriorated due to eutrophication is now recovered using bioremediation and aeration technique. Observations before the start of revival work and after the completion of the same. Sr. Parameter Units Required value for Eco balance Value before the start of Work (March 2002) Values after Completion of the work (April 2003) Top Bottom Top Bottom 1 D.O. mg/L 52 2.87 1.3 6.05 5.45 2 C.O.D. mg/L 10 to 30 57.5 103.9 20.7 28.9 3 Phosphate mg/L 0.01 to 0.035 3.971 5.618 0.0188 0.0178 4 Nitrate/Nitrogen mg/L 0.1 or less 2.063 3.1 0.0727 0.0692 5 pH No. 7 to 8.5 7.73 6.98 7.6 7.88 6 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen mg/L N.P. 8.91 2.5 2.18 2.02 7 Total Suspended Solids mg/L 10.00 or less 65.00 131.50 8.3 8.2 8 Turbidity in NTU NTU N.P. 103.5 404.3 9.3 7.9 9 Chlorophyll-A mg/m3 8 to 25 28.72 0.022 23.91 7.9

Cause and Effect of Earthquakes Essay

The ground trembles, shakes and growls. Pictures that were once hanging so beautifully on the wall smash to the ground exploding into glittery slivers of broken glass, roadways break apart, engulfing whatever was in its path, never to be seen again. For many, this would seem to be the makings of a fictional horror movie created by Hollywood with intent to frighten a person and to play with ones senses. For those who live in the areas depicted by film, this is real life, all of the fear and terror of a shaking ground comes to life and people everywhere grab those that are most precious to them and scream â€Å"Earthquake!† According to Lisa Wald (2012), â€Å"an Earthquake is what happens when two blocks of Earth suddenly slip past one another.† Wald also says that the reason the earth shakes when there is an earthquake is â€Å"that the edges of the faults are stuck together, and the rest of the block is moving, the energy that would normally cause the blocks to slide past one another is being stored up. When the force of moving blocks finally overcomes the friction of the jagged edges of the fault and it unsticks, all that stored up energy is released.† Wald goes on further to suggest that this energy is then released into seismic waves, it is these waves that cause the Earth to shake. This shaking, while normal for the Earths development, can be fatal for those who live in it. The damage that is caused by an earthquake can be broken into three specific areas. These areas include the Emotional damage, physical damage and environmental damage. The emotional damage caused by loss is one of the more detrimental areas of concern for humans as they are the ones whose lives are so greatly affected by feeling. People generally tend to have a harder time accepting death if it is spontaneous (Hamilton health sciences, 2000). The grieving process is harder, last longer and is full of disbelief. When natural occurrences such as earthquakes happen, many individuals lose their lives in an instant. Whether it is due to power failure and medical equipment failing, the destruction of homes and buildings and being forced into the street facing other dangers such as wildlife or people with poor intentions, or becoming trapped under rubble from buildings or roadways that have been destroyed. This emotional damage caused makes it far more difficult for the survivors of the earthquakes to move past the tragedy quickly. It may take many hours of grievance counseling for these people to be functional members of society again, to move forward with their lives. Some people develop severe anxiety and fear that an earthquake will hit when they are least expecting it and begin refusing to leave their homes. On the other hand, some individuals feel such a sense of togetherness after loss from an earthquake, they quickly pull together to help other people deal with their losses, searching for those who may still be alive and even assisting with clean up and rebuilding of homes and businesses. They go on to looking for more ways to help their community in the time of need, and really do a great deal to help others get back on their feet. Physical damage is bound to happen to some extent during an earthquake, though architects and engineers are now looking at new ways to make buildings and homes more earthquake resistant for those who live in high quake areas, the cost of such engineering is incredibly costly and not everyone can afford such detail to construction. Many people’s homes, one moment standing proud and tall, end up reduced to rubbles of brick and mortar in a matter of seconds. Cars disappear into what was once a street or roadway never to be seen again. Businesses destroyed, too expensive to repair, force people into lives of poverty. Far too many individuals end up homeless and jobless from natural disasters without their loved ones or their most loved possessions, and have no ability to be able to start from scratch again. Many insurance companies will not cover the damage caused by natural disasters, especially if the property is in an area known to be high in a specific disaster such as earthquakes. If they were to offer this form of protection, it would be at a greater cost to allow a person to rebuild their home or business. In the event of a natural disaster, the consequences could be dire and the insured could be slapped with higher yearly fees and deductibles. A price not many people are prepared to pay with high incidents of poverty in the world. Another of the more detrimental effects of earthquakes is how the environment changes with every quake that occurs. The environment is obviously going to take the largest hit from an earthquake. Localized effects would include forest fires, mudslides, and landslides while greater effects can be felt on the other side of the planet with disasters such as tsunamis. The Asian countries have taken the hardest tolls due to earthquakes, with the largest tragedy being in 2004 when a tsunami that was developed out of a high-scaled earthquake in Sumatra. This tsunami assailed twelve countries, killed over two-hundred and twenty thousand people (Daniel Ten Kate & Berni Moestafa, 2012), and still continues to affect people eight years later. When a tsunami strikes, fatalities are guaranteed. People die by drowning, hypothermia, starvation, and rarely have time to escape their impending death or injury. Beautiful flowers and gardens can be lost forever, sacred tombs, and artifacts washed out to see. Landslides and mudslides may not sound as fatal as a tsunami, however; these occur when the earth shifts and vibrates and causes the land to shift and vibrate with it. Many areas that are high for landslide danger put up protective netting or boarding to prevent the danger of it affecting people in the community, but it is not always possible to contain. They can quickly bury homes and people with no chance of recovery. Fires can be caused by electrical wires being exposed and touching flammable debris, broken gas lines, and power lines and are almost impossible to extinguish with water mains being broken and dust and debris floating through the air feeding and fueling the fires. It is amazing that even a slight shift in the planet can cause such devastation in the world. The shifting of the Earth, while natural, can be fatal to so many objects in its path. Yet it is something that can occur without notice, even with monitoring. The emotional, physical, and environmental damage that can occur is devastating and many people are left homeless, with no income, family, or possessions. Left to fend for themselves in the streets, searching for a way out, attempting to avoid the dangerous wildlife or people they may encounter on their own. Many children cry for their parents, never to see them again. The effects of earthquakes can be greatly reduced if humanity would listen to the scientists or experts on natural disasters. By building more structurally sound buildings and preparing ourselves further for a disaster, we can all benefit from becoming safer during an earthquake. References http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-04-11/indonesia-hit-by-8-7-magnitude-quake-tsunami-warnings-issued.html http://www.hamiltonhealthsciences.ca/documents/Patient%20Education/SuddenDeathPORTRAIT-th.pdf

What You Dont Know About Topics to Write a Profile Essay on

What You Don't Know About Topics to Write a Profile Essay on The Nuiances of Topics to Write a Profile Essay on Profile writing involves disparate elements of the brain in order to create an emotionally involving piece. Career objectives are most useful for people targeting one specific position, since they let the applicant to directly cover the requirements of the business and show how they are going to fit in the workforce. Stating an objective on your resume is a means to convince employers that you understand what you want in work, though a profile explains what you need to provide the employer and can help sell your candidacy. You will have the ability to pick out your strengths a good deal better in case you write your individual profile last. You are interested in being honest without You need to mention your finest traits but don't wish to seem conceited. You would like to mention your finest traits but don't wish to seem conceited. The Upside to Topics to Write a Profile Essay on Convince anyone who reads your profile that you're a champion and which you can change their company. You can imagine a couple more questions you will use in such a circumstance. An individual can come across hundreds of business profile templates, from which the very best one can be chosen to fulfill the demands of the organization. It's super-difficult to work out what to say in an initial email to a prospective match. A well-written company profile is a powerful approach to introduce the business to the possible clients and other stakeholders. Have a look at the work listing for insights into just what the organization is on the lookout for in an employee. Don't advertise for an assistant Even supposing it's correct, you don't need to mention that you will need home cooking or a superb handyman around the home. If you've just launched a new company and are searching to earn a fantastic first impression on prospective clients, then it's necessary to make a potent company profile. Topics to Write a Profile Essay on - Dead or Alive? Lay down a fundamental groundwork of what topics will be covered, the duration of time needed, and the significance of the interview. The secret to a superior profile is being aware of what elements to list so as to catch a possible employer's interest. The profile is just one of the most fundamental and versatile formats of media writing. A personal profile is es sentially an overview of the abilities and experiences which you have. Topics to Write a Profile Essay on Explained Before you start to compose your artist profile, take some opportunity to think about the image of yourself you'd love to present. An artist profile is intended to tell those who discuss and adhere to the art world about you and the art you earn. After all is said and done, make certain to bear in mind your artist profile will increase and change with you. It will need to be direct and to the point, so you will need to go through the various points you want to make and pick the ones that are the most essential. Topics to Write a Profile Essay on Features Let's try to compose the steps on how best to write a great profile essay. When writing about a case of a profile essay about an individual who's not well known include enough details that will enable your reader to acquire an idea about what you're presenting. As you read the job of different writers, you'll be in a position to recognize even little details that would have eluded you. It's a good idea to plan your writing process and to plan the entire story. The conclusion is composed of a couple sentences wrapping up your essay. In a case of personality profile essay, you may use a brief story or a conversation. You don't need to divide the major portion of the essay into a few parts devoting each to a single sphere of life. Tip It's fine to let the individual you're profiling read your essay should they wish to, but don't forget that the last say in the way the essay is worded belongs to you. In case you were writing about a personal profile essay example about a celebrity, you must make the reader feel pleased with the info you've provided. By eliminating one sentence from a three-sentence quotation, for example, your readers may discover that it's a lot easier to recognize the vital point which you want to have across. Give the reader a glimpse about what things to anticipate from you. You are able to put away one or two sentences if you think it will assist the reader to find the most important idea better. At the conclusion of a well-written profile, you might adore the man or woman or hate the individual. A profile is a sort of feature story and usually focuses on an individual and what's important or interesting about that person at the present time. An excellent profile provides you with something that you can't get elsewhere to truly become familiar with the individual. The term profile usually means you ought to describe and uncover all the hidden features of someone or something.

One Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest By Ken Kesey - 1579 Words

In the book One Flew Over the Cuckoo s Nest by Ken Kesey we are taken into the mind of a mental hospital patient who does not seem to cope well with reality. The whole book itself, revolves around the issue of either being sane or not. We are met with the thought of whether the narrator themselves are sane. But when it comes to our world today, we must ask ourselves how can we define someone as insane or sane? If if we can, who should be in charge of saying that they are? The first character that we are introduced to, is Bromden, or â€Å"Chief Bromden,† throughout the story we see him telling the story of how he see’s the ward and other patients, but even though we never find out the exact reason as to why he is in the mental hospital, we do see his story in small glimpses throughout the book. When we first meet Bromden, we see that he is very shy and timid. People at the ward have even mistaken him as being deaf and mute. While he is not, he chooses to pretend as if he is, because it is much easier to hide and not be seen this way. Because he is deaf and mute, he is mistaken as being mentally ill. While we never find out how he got to the hospital or why, we do know that he has chosen to conform to being in the hospital. But what exactly makes him think that he is insane and that he must be in the hospital? Could it be society, or could it simply be the way he look at the world around him? At this time, it could have most likely been the society in which he lived in. InShow MoreRelatedOne Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest By Ken Kesey1534 Words   |  7 PagesThe portrayal of women and minorities in the novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest by Ken Kesey, shows readers the opinions of a majority of the population during the 1960s in which women in power were ridiculed. The book’s antagonist Nurse Ratched is presented as machine-like, and robotic. This shows how author Ken Kesey dehumanizes women who are in power, and decides to take awa y all their feminine qualities when they are in power because to Kesey it simply doesn t make sense that a female can beRead MoreOne Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest By Ken Kesey1925 Words   |  8 PagesPatient: Bromden, Chief For many years in modern history, what occurred in mental institutions were not well known and discussed about widely. One book that actually brought the reality of what happens inside mental institutions to public attention was the book entitled â€Å"One Flew Over The Cuckoo’s Nest† written by Ken Kesey. The book shows the lives of the people residing in an Oregon mental asylum through the perspective of the patient named Chief Bromden. In the book, it isn’t stated exactly whatRead MoreOne Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest By Ken Kesey1860 Words   |  8 PagesThe book titled, â€Å"One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest† written by Ken Kesey is what I chose to read and evaluate. Before I go any further, it is important to share some of Kesey’s background in order to better understand why he wrote this book. After receiving his bachelor’s degree, Kesey ended up at Stanford University in a creative writing program. During his time at Stanford, he volunteered himself to be in an experimental drug program where he was used to test the different effects of the drugs atRead MoreOne Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest By Ken Kesey1332 Words   |  6 Pagesboth a bully or that one individual that we simply didn t need to be around or even anybody they knew. Additionally, every person has had that one character they favored, for sticking up for themselves and declaring what they wanted, even though it intended sure punishment. In One Flew Over the Cuckoo s Nest by author Ken Kesey, these attributes stick out in the story. A dialogue of the setting, theme, and character situations into the story will help one capture how ones’ feelings fall into lineRead MoreKen Kesey s One Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest1629 Words   |  7 Pages1962, Ken Kesey’s One Flew Over The Cuckoo’s Nest is a timeless classic. This novel has been subject to analysis through many different literary lenses: feminist, Marxist, and of course, psychoa nalytic. One Flew Over The Cuckoo’s Nest provides a plethora of evidence when it comes to using the psychoanalytic lens. The lens in question deals with the teaching of Sigmund Freud. When reading this novel, the audience sees quite clearly that the world of psychology plays an impactful role in One Flew OverRead MoreOne Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest By Ken Kesey1873 Words   |  8 PagesThe novel I chose to read was entitled â€Å"One Flew Over The Cuckoo’s Nest† written by Ken Kesey. First off, It is important to provide some of Ken Kesey’s background in order to better understand why he wrote it. After receiving his bachelor’s degree, Kesey ended up at Stanford in a creative writing program. He ended up volunteering in an experimental drug program where he was used to test the different effects of the drugs at the Local Veterans Administration hospital. This was where he began toRead MoreKen Kesey s One Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest1716 Words    |  7 PagesThe Geese in the Wolf’s Nest â€Å"The creatures outside looked from pig to man, and from man to pig, and from pig to man again; but already it was impossible to say which was which.† (Orwell). Although animals might only look like animals, they are symbols of deeper meanings. Throughout the fiction novel One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest, by Ken Kesey, many symbols/motifs are presented in the form of animals that represent characters. These animals give meaning to the story and illuminate the plot by givingRead MoreAnalysis Of One Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest By Ken Kesey1622 Words   |  7 Pagesor someone. Leadership on the other hand, may be a tool used to overcome authority which is depicted when McMurphy is admitted into the ward and effectively changes the patient’s lives for the better. Throughout the novel, One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest, written by Ken Kesey, McMurphy’s leadership dominates Nurse Ratched’s authority due to his success in transforming the patie nts into better people from the second of his arrival and giving them the option to live a better life. McMurphy, a gamblerRead MoreOne Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest By Ken Kesey1625 Words   |  7 PagesWorks of literature innately embody the author’s ideology and the historical context of the given time period. Within the novel, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, by Ken Kesey, the author furthers his ideals against the issue of oppression as he attempts to take stabs against its deteriorating effects and support those who rebel. Set in the microcosm of a small mental hospital, he establishes man’s external struggle to overcome tyranny. At the head of the head of the ward is the corrupted characterRead MoreAnalysis Of Ken Kesey s One Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest2637 Words   |  11 Pages The Author and His/Her Times: Ken Kesey was born on September 17, 1935 and died on November 10, 2011 at age 66. Kesey was once arrested for possession of marijuana and a â€Å"faked suicide† and was put into prison for five years. He also had a lot of experimentation with psy choactive drugs, which could spark his interest in the human mind, which has a lot of influence on the novel, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest. The novel was put on The Times list of To honor Kesey after his death, there is a film